India’s Evolving Maritime Strategy in the Indian Ocean: Balancing Security and Development
Author(s): Abhishek & Govind Gaurav
Abstract: The transforming geostrategic landscape and regional dynamics of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) have intensified the role and relevance of the Indian Ocean in global politics. Moreover, the increasing Chinese footprint in the region and its rising strategic clout across small littoral countries have created significant security concerns for India and other stakeholders. As a determining power in the region, India’s maritime strategies hold immense weight in preserving the region’s peace, stability and security. Consequently, India is revising its maritime strategies to cope with the changing landscape. Therefore, this paper aims to examine India’s aspiration to maintain its preeminence in “India’s Ocean” amid these challenges. It explores the threats posed by China’s growing presence, particularly its “String of Pearls” strategy. Finally, the paper investigates India’s evolving maritime strategies, including the Necklace of Diamonds, SAGAR initiative, naval modernisation, and enhanced regional partnerships, designed to counter the changing strategic landscape and ensure a free, open, and inclusive Indian Ocean.
Keywords: Indian Ocean, India, China, Maritime Strategy, Necklace of Diamonds, SAGAR
DOI: doi.org/10.65719/RC.3.2.2025.010
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